Catchment planning is a form of spatial planning (integrated planning of land, water, and related resources) and is based on the principles of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). The IWRM planning cycle combines the cyclical process of Catchment Plan (CP) development with a continuous learning process. Awareness of IWRM principles, knowledge about the catchment, and capacities to manage the catchment sustainably increase during each revolution of the IWRM planning cycle. In Rwanda, Catchment Plan development is integrated with the process of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA).